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If you're looking to code your own utilities, you will need a source that provides the Dow's opening price for any given day. Details on such services are available at Dow Jones Industrial Average.
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Contents
Semi-manual offline calculator
| This implementation IS FULLY 30W-compliant. |
If you're going to be away from internet access, you'll need to compute the hash locally:
- Download and extract this: http://lab.brainonfire.net/drop/geohash-offline.zip
- Working example: http://lab.brainonfire.net/geohash-offline/calc.html
Notes
- All you need is a Javascript-enabled browser. Tested in Firefox so far.
- You will have to somehow acquire the Dow's opening value for the appropriate date; there may be a service to do this.
- Remember, if you're east of 30W, you should use the previous day's opening price, even if a new one becomes available later in the day.
- The date is filled in automatically using the current timestamp.
- You'll have to combine the computed fractional coordinates with your graticule coordinates yourself.
- I grabbed MD5 and base conversion code from random internet sites.
Text Messaging (email) service
| This implementation IS FULLY 30W-compliant. |
If your cell phone supports text messaging to an email address, you can get geohash updates on your phone by sending a formatted text to srv@geohash.info
Formatting
YYYY-MM-DD Lat Lon Example:
2008-02-18 42 -83
Alternatively, it defaults to the current date (EST for now) and you can just enter Latitude and Longitude
42 -83
Bugs
- The -0 Issue is still very much an issue.
- This used to display the degree symbol after coordinate elements, but due to poor cell phone support of this character, which resulted in messages cutting off after the first Latitude, I have removed it.
- This is also not a terribly robust solution, but a better (stronger, faster) implementation is in the making.
- Not necessarily a bug, but a desirable feature: it would be nice to be able to omit the '-' character when specifying the date (it just happens to require many keystrokes to type - on my phone)
Feeds
GeoRSS feed
| This implementation IS NOT 30W-compliant. |
You can subscribe to a feed (in GeoRSS format) that will give you updates on a daily basis[citation needed]. Updates include the "best guess" address of the location as well as the specific latitude/longitude coordinates.
http://atlas.freshlogicstudios.com/Features/Experiments/Xkcd/Xkcd.ashx?Latitude=38&Longitude=-91
For example, here's the GeoRSS geohash for St. Louis.
This GeoRSS feed is used to power the Atlas geohash implementation.
Atom feed
| This implementation IS FULLY 30W-compliant. |
You can subscribe to a feed that will give you updates on a daily basis:
http://staticfree.info/geohash/atom/LAT,LON
For example, here's the Atom Geohash for Boston.
Just put your coordinates in, subscribe and you'll be ready to go!
Source is available from subversion: https://staticfree.info/svn/ghfeed/
Atom Feed Bugs
- I noticed yesterday that before the stock exchange data becomes available, the atom feed creates a kind of 'intemediary' geohash using todays date and yesterday's data. This might be intentional, but personally I find that undesirable on weekdays. Could it be modified to show yesterday's date and geohash until data is available? Nicktaylor 14:04, 23 May 2008 (UTC)
- It's definitely broken. -- Phyzome 11:37, 28 May 2008 (UTC)
- This implementation was written before the 30W rule. As it turns out, the intermediate hash falls back on the previous Dow while using the current date from 00:00 (local) to 09:30 ET, which happens to be the desired 30W behavior. However, this is not helpful west of 30W. An inverse problem occurs after 09:30 USET east of 30W, until 24:00 local. See detailed discussion at Talk:Implementations#Atom feed 30W-compliance. --Tim P 15:45, 29 May 2008 (UTC)
- It's definitely broken. -- Phyzome 11:37, 28 May 2008 (UTC)
geohash.info
| This implementation IS FULLY 30W-compliant. |
Subscribe to a feed that updates as soon as each day's meetup is calculable for your graticule:
http://www.geohash.info/srv/feed.php?lat=LAT&lon=LON
If you visit the URL with no parameters, you will be prompted for your graticule coordinates.
- Dow data comes from the peeron service
- To view source, drop the parameters and change the extension to .phps -- this currently works for all PHP files in geohash.info/srv/
Quirks
- The script estimates your timezone based upon your longitude, and uses -04:30 as the timezone of the Dow. Therefore, the update times may be off by as much as an hour or two. Shouldn't be an issue, since they'll be around midnight for most people.
- For non-30W users, the feed will be empty between midnight and 9:30 AM -- this should be acceptable, since most feed readers keep entries that have dropped off the end of the feed. (This behavior may be changed in the future.)
Flickr
This won't help you find future (or, likely, present) coordinates, but one can keep tabs on photos that users have tagged with geohashing at Flickr by using this RSS feed link.
k4 implementation
| This implementation IS NOT 30W-compliant. |
Here's an implementation in k4, a vector-programming (i.e., self-obfuscating) language that seems to me to be very true to the spirit of xkcd. The following shell script takes the graticule as an argument, uses standard standard unix tools to retrieve the current Dow opening price, and returns a URL for a Google map to the the upcoming Saturday's meetup. It assumes the q executable is in your PATH.
#!/bin/sh test $# -eq 2 || exit 1 dow=`curl -s 'http://finance.google.com/finance?cid=983582'| \ egrep -o '<span id="ref_983582_op">[^<]+</span>'| \ sed -r 's/.*>(.*)<.*/\1/'|tr -d ,` q -lat $1 -lon $2 -dow $dow<<"EOF" \ (.q.set').(!:;,/)@\:.Q.opt .z.x; h:.Q.n,6#.Q.A;c:16 xexp'-:'1+!16 u:"http://maps.google.com/maps?q=" d:.q.ssr[$.z.D+7-.q.mod[.z.D]7;".";"-"] s:0N 16#,/$-15!"-"/:(d;dow);l:(lat;lon) -1@u,"+"/:l,'1_'$sum'(h?/:.q.upper s)*\:c; \\ EOF
For example, here's New York as of 2008-05-23:
% gh 40 -74 http://maps.google.com/maps?q=40.126648+-74.5475331
N.B., this was written on a Friday; I make no guarantee that it will produce useful results when run on any other day of the week (though Saturdays will probably work).
Adavies42 20:50, 23 May 2008 (UTC)
Automatic GPX File Generator
| This implementation IS NOT 30W-compliant. |
I have modified the sample perl implementation so that it automatically generates a .gpx file which you can upload to your favourite GPS device/software. Download here Before you use the script, you need to modify it and put your own lat/lon values into the corresponding variables at the beginning. ~~Wansti
GeohashGenerator for Popfly
| This implementation IS FULLY 30W-compliant. |
I have created a Popfly block to use for creating mashups at http://www.popfly.com/users/rbuckton/GeohashGenerator. Can be integrated with Virtual Earth, etc.
Lazy Geohasher
| This implementation IS PARTIALLY 30W-compliant. |
If you'd rather just stay at home and wait for a geohash to come to you (or perhaps have some other reason to participate in Geohash Hacking), there's a perl script which will search for combinations of times and DOW Jones opening prices to find when you could win the much coveted Couch Potato Geohash or Cubicle Geohash award. Just put in the ranges of values for the stock market and the time you want to wait for, and watch those CPU cycles fly! -- thaniel.drake@gmail.com.
30w compliance statement: This code does not use live data. Users are expected to determine from the date of the Geohash which opening value is relevant for their locale.
Disclaimer: The author humbly requests that you do not manipulate the Dow Jones Industrial Average to ensure that a geohash collides with your address. The author accepts no responsibility for any resulting financial instability you cause by such manipulations.
Here is an improved implementation which sorts results by great-circle distance. Distance cutoff, length of search, and dollar spread searched may be adjusted at the command line. Days may be a positive integer count of days following today or a comma-separated list of %F datespecs. Same 30W caveats apply.
| This implementation IS PARTIALLY 30W-compliant. |
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
require 5.9.2;
use Digest::MD5 qw(md5);
use POSIX qw(strftime);
use Math::Trig qw(deg2rad great_circle_distance);
die "usage: $0 lat lon orig-dow [spread] [days] [max-km]" unless @ARGV >= 3;
my ($lat, $lon, $orig, $spread, $days, $max_km) = @ARGV;
my ($g_lat, $g_lon) = map { int } $lat, $lon;
$spread ||= 500; $days ||= 7; $max_km ||= 1;
sub geohash { map { $_ / 2**64 } unpack("Q>Q>", md5(shift)) }
sub genday {
my $date = shift;
for (($orig - $spread) * 100 .. ($orig + $spread) * 100) {
my $dow = sprintf("%.2f", $_ / 100);
($f_lat, $f_lon) = map { substr($_, 1) } geohash("$date-$dow");
$gh{"$date-$dow"} = [$g_lat . $f_lat, $g_lon . $f_lon];
}
}
if ($days =~ /^\d{4,}-\d{2}-\d{2}/) { genday($_) for split(/,/, $days) }
else { genday(strftime("%F", localtime(time + 86400 * $_))) for (1...$days) }
sub d2r { deg2rad($_[0]), deg2rad(90 - $_[1]) }
sub gdist { great_circle_distance(d2r($lat, $lon), d2r(@{$_[0]}), 6378) }
printf "%s -> %f,%f (%.3fkm)\n", $_->[0], @{$gh{$_->[0]}}, $_->[1] for
sort { $a->[1] <=> $b->[1] }
grep { $_->[1] < $max_km }
map { [$_, gdist($gh{$_})] } keys %gh;
For discussion of the actual algorithm stuff hiding in there, please see the next section.
Alternative Perl Implementiation
Because there is no way this page is complete without a lesson on endianness...
In writing the above "lazy" script I needed to come up with a way to do the actual hashing in Perl. So, here it is pulled out from that, and using today's data from the web service:
| This implementation IS FULLY 30W-compliant. |
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
require 5.9.2;
use POSIX qw(strftime);
use LWP::Simple;
use Digest::MD5 qw(md5);
die "usage: $0 lat long" unless @ARGV == 2;
my @graticule = map { int } @ARGV;
sub dow_open {
my $date = strftime("%Y/%m/%d", localtime(shift));
get("http://irc.peeron.com/xkcd/map/data/$date");
}
sub geohash {
map { $_ / 2**64 } unpack("Q>Q>", md5(shift));
}
my $today = strftime("%F", localtime);
my $dow = dow_open(time - ($graticule[1] > -30 ? 86400 : 0));
for (map { substr($_, 1) } geohash("$today-$dow")) {
print shift @graticule, $_, "\n";
}
This is the same bare output format as the shell script, for piping into your favorite formatter or google-launcher or whatever. The reason it requires Perl 5.10, however, is the code used to interpret the hash:
map { $_ / 2**64 } unpack("Q>Q>", md5(shift))
One unfortunate thing I have noticed across implementations is that a lot of effort has been spent converting hexadecimal into decimal. It is important to remember that MD5 hashes are 128 *bits* -- hexadecimal is just a form of representation. (It's very convenient, and we see it everywhere. But even in the original comic, it's representation.) In languages that provide the power to deal with data directly, the familiar hex representation can frequently be skipped in our quest to present numbers as decimal. This is what unpack does above (The Python implementation uses their flavor of unpack as well. I am sure Ruby has something similar).
I point this out only because Perl neglected to get this right until recently, and so the code as written will not run on 5.8 or earlier. As they are presented in the algorithm, the two 64-bit binary fractions (think: 1/2's place, 1/4's place, 1/8's place... with the caveat that we only see the numerator digits; the denominators are all 1!) from the 128 bits of MD5 are big-endian. Sadly, the machine running Perl might be big-endian or little-endian (think: the first 8 places at the end, then the next 8 places before that, etc... it's reversed by bytes, not bits). 5.10 provides the "<" and ">" endianness specifiers for all types, even 64-bit numbers. But on 5.8, attempting to directly grab the bits will always use the machine's native arrangement, and so only work if you're in big-endian-land. Most of us (running x86 CPUs) are not. Here is one (ugly) way to deal with it:
map { $_ / 2**64 } reverse unpack("QQ", reverse md5(shift));
Evaluation works backward from the right; by reversing the byte string (remember how it's backwards by bytes? the word that looks forward to us looks backward to them, too), we are able to unpack two 64-bit chunks that *would* be the right numbers, but are now (since the whole thing was reversed) in the wrong order, so we flip them around again. If they weren't the same sizes, we would have had to reverse the unpack specification as well (in fact, we did; you just couldn't tell). Fun, no? So if you need to run this on 5.8, patch this in and remember to delete the "require" line.
Ruby Geohasher
| This implementation IS FULLY 30W-compliant. |
ScottKuma did this as a first excursion into Ruby. Yes, it's long. Yes, it's kinda clunky. However, IT WORKS!
Any changes, suggestions, etc. are happily accepted!
#!/usr/bin/ruby
#geohasher.rb
#Written by ScottKuma
# Can be run without any command-line arguments (and gets the current geohash for the graticule specified in myLat and myLong, below),
# a single argument (the date in YYYY-MM-DD or YYYY/MM/DD format),
# two arguments (the latitude & longitude "base" coordinates),
# or three arguments (latitude & longitude "base" coordinates, followed by the date.
require 'net/http'
require 'date'
require 'digest'
myLat = "39" # Change me to set the desired default graticule's latitude
myLong = "-84" # Change me to set the desired default graticule's longitude
def hexFracToDecFrac(hexFracPart)
#I wish I had a neat little algorithm to do this in one line - but this works!
#NOTE: do not feed the preceding "0." to this function....only the fractional part (the part after the decimal point)
fracLen = hexFracPart.length
fracPortion = hexFracPart[0..(fracLen-1)]
fracLen = fracPortion.length
myLen = (fracLen - 1)
sum = 0
for i in (0 .. myLen)
numSixteenths = fracPortion[i..i].to_i(16)
conversionFactor = (16.**(i+1)).to_f
conversionFactor = 1./conversionFactor
sum = sum + ((numSixteenths) * conversionFactor)
end
sum = sum.to_s
return sum[2..8]
end
t=Time.now
myDate = t.strftime("%Y-%m-%d")
if ARGV.length == 1
myDate = ARGV[0]
end
if ARGV.length == 2
myLat = ARGV[0]
myLong = ARGV[1]
end
if ARGV.length == 3
myLong = ARGV[1]
myLat = ARGV[0]
myDate = ARGV[2]
end
dateSplit = ''
if myDate.split('/').length == 3
dateSplit = myDate.split('/')
else
dateSplit = myDate.split('-')
end
myDate = Date.civil(dateSplit[0].to_i, dateSplit[1].to_i, dateSplit[2].to_i)
#fix for the "-30 rule"
fixDate = Date.civil(2008,05,25)
timeDelta = 0
if myLong.to_i > -30 and (myDate > fixDate)
puts "-30 rule in effect!"
timeDelta = 1
end
algorithmEncodedDate = myDate.to_s
urlEncodedDate = (myDate - timeDelta).strftime('%Y/%m/%d')
baseURL = 'irc.peeron.com'
basePath = '/xkcd/map/data/'
fullPath = basePath + urlEncodedDate
dow = ""
Net::HTTP.start(baseURL,80) do |http|
dow = http.get(fullPath).body
end
if !dow.include? "404 Not Found"
ghash = algorithmEncodedDate+'-'+dow
digest = Digest::MD5.hexdigest(ghash)
digest1 = digest[0..15]
digest2 = digest[16..31]
puts "(" + myLat + "." + hexFracToDecFrac(digest1) + ", " + myLong + "." + hexFracToDecFrac(digest2) + ")"
else
puts "Dow information not available for "+urlEncodedDate
end
Here's one way you could do hex to dec fraction in one line - it's "little", I'm not so sure about "neat"
def hexFracToDecFrac hexFracPart
hexFracPart.split('').inject((cf=1)-1){|sum,c|sum+ c.to_i(16)/(cf<<=4).to_f}.to_s[2..8]
end
macHasher
| This implementation IS FULLY 30W-compliant. |
Scottkuma worked feverishly to:
- learn Apple OSX Programming and...
- put together a geohash calculator for the Mac.
Installation:
It's a normal mac application - drag it to your Applications folder, OR just run it from inside the DMG. I think I compiled it as a Universal Binary. If you can't run it on a particular system and/or version of OSX, please let me know.
Usage:
Start by entering your graticule's Lat/Long numbers. The given numbers are for Cincinnati, Ohio.
For today's graticule, just click "Generate!" For dates in the past (or the near-future, for Saturday & Sunday graticules), select the date on the calendar, then click "Generate!"
Known bugs:
- Requires a valid network connection; locks pretty good when one doesn't exist.
- does not calculate east of -30 correctly for dates prior to 5/27/2008
- window doesn't lock its size like I thought it would...
Planned enhancements:
- will allow for saving of a known "home" location
- will calculate distance & bearing to a known location
- will calculate same for adjacent graticules to find a closer geohash
